English Language Arts and Reading, Grade 6
Second Six Weeks
(6.9) Reading/vocabulary development. The student acquires an extensive vocabulary through reading and systematic word study. The student is expected to:
(6.9C) use multiple reference aids, including a thesaurus, a synonym finder, a dictionary, and software, to clarify meanings and usage (4-8);
(6.9D) determine meanings of derivatives by applying knowledge of the meanings of root words such as like, pay or happy and affixes such as dis-, pre- or un- (4-8);
(6.9E) study word meanings systematically such as across curricular content areas and through current events (4-8);
(6.9G) use word origins as an aid to understanding historical influences on English word meanings (6-8)
(6.10) Reading/comprehension. The student comprehends selections using a variety of strategies. The student is expected to:
(6.10A) use his/her own knowledge and experience to comprehend (4-8);
(6.10B) establish and adjust purposes for reading such as reading to find out, to understand, to interpret, to enjoy, and to solve problems (4-8);
(6.10C) monitor his/her own comprehension and make modifications when understanding breaks down such as by rereading a portion aloud, using reference aids, searching for clues, and asking questions (4-8);
(6.10D) describe mental images that text descriptions evoke (4-8);
(6.10E) use the text's structure or progression of ideas such as cause and effect or chronology to locate and recall information (4-8);
(6.10F) determine a text's main (or major ideas) and how those ideas are supported with details (4-8);
(6.10G) paraphrase and summarize text to recall, inform, or organize ideas (4-8);
(6.10H) draw inferences such as conclusions or generalizations and support them with text evidence and experience (4-8);
(6.10I) find similarities and differences across texts such as in treatment, scope, or organization (4-8);
(6.10J) distinguish fact and opinion in various texts (4-8);
(6.10K) answer different types and levels of questions such as open-ended, literal, and interpretative as well as test-like questions such as multiple choice, true-false, and short answer (4-8);
(6.10L) represent text information in different ways such as in outline, timeline, or graphic organizer (4-8); and
(6.10M) use study strategies to learn and recall important ideas from texts such as preview, question, reread, and record (6-8).
(6.11) Reading/literary response. The student expresses and supports responses to various types of texts. The student is expected to:
(6.11A) offer observations, make connections, react, speculate, interpret, and raise questions in response to texts (4-8);
(6.11B) interpret text ideas through such varied means as journal writing, discussion, enactment, and media (4-8);
(6.11C) support responses by referring to relevant aspects of text [and his/her own experiences] (4-8); and
(6.11D) connect, compare, and contrast ideas, themes, and issues across text (4-8).
(6.12) Reading/text structures/literary concepts. The student analyzes the characteristics of various types of texts (genres). The student is expected to:
(6.12A) identify the purposes of different types of texts such as to inform, influence, express, or entertain (4-8);
(6.12B) recognize the distinguishing features of genres, including biography, historical fiction, informational texts, and poetry (4-8);
(6.12D) understand and identify literary terms such as playwright, theater, stage, act, dialogue, analogy, and scene across a variety of literary forms (texts) (6-7)(8);
(6.12E) understand literary forms by recognizing and distinguishing among such types of text as stories, poems, myths, fables, tall tales, limericks, plays, biographies, and autobiographies (3-7);
(6.12F) analyze characters, including their traits, motivations, conflicts, points of view, relationships, and changes they undergo (4-8);
(6.12G) recognize and analyze story plot, setting, and problem resolution (4-8);
(6.12H) describe how the author's perspective or point of view affects the text (4-8);
(6.12I) analyze ways authors organize and present ideas such as through cause/effect, compare/contrast, inductively, deductively, or chronologically (6-8);
(6.12J) recognize and interpret literary devices such as flashback, foreshadowing, and symbolism (6-8)
(6.12K) recognize how style, tone, and mood contribute to the effect of the text (6-8)
(6.15) Writing/purposes. The student writes for a variety of audiences and purposes and in a variety of forms. The student is expected to:
(6.15A) write to express, discover, record, develop, reflect on ideas, and to problem solve (4-8);
(6.15B) write to influence such as to persuade, argue, and request (4-8);
(6.15C) write to inform such as to explain, describe, report, and narrate (4-8);
(6.15E) select and use voice and style appropriate to audience and purpose (6-8);
(6.15F) choose the appropriate form for his/her own purpose for writing, including narratives and instructions (7-8);
(6.15G) use literary devices effectively such as suspense, dialogue, and figurative language (5-8); and
(6.15H) produce cohesive and coherent written texts by organizing ideas, using effective transitions, and choosing precise wording (6-8).
(6.16) Writing/penmanship/capitalization/punctuation/spelling. The student composes original texts, applying the conventions of written language such as capitalization, punctuation, penmanship, and spelling to communicate clearly. The student is expected to:
(6.16A) write legibly by selecting cursive or manuscript as appropriate (4-8);
(6.16B) capitalize and punctuate correctly to clarify and enhance meaning such as capitalizing titles, using hyphens, semicolons, colons, possessives, and sentence punctuation (6-8);
(6.16C) write with accurate spelling of syllable constructions, including closed, open, consonant before -le, and syllable boundary patterns (3-6);
(6.16D) write with accurate spelling of roots such as drink, speak, read, or happy, inflections such as those that change tense or number, suffixes such as -able or -less, and prefixes such as re- or un- (4-6);
(6.16E) use resources to find correct spellings (4-8);
(6.16F) spell accurately in final drafts (4-8); and
(6.16G) understand the influence of other languages and cultures on the spelling of English words (6-8).
(6.18) Writing/writing process. The student selects and uses writing processes for self-initiated and assigned writing. The student is expected to:
(6.18A) generate ideas and plans for writing by using prewriting strategies such as brainstorming, graphic organizers, notes, and logs (4-8);
(6.18B) develop drafts by categorizing ideas, organizing them into paragraphs, and blending paragraphs within larger units of text (4-8);
(6.18C) revise selected drafts by adding, elaborating, deleting, combining, and rearranging text (4-8);
(6.18D) revise drafts for coherence, progression, and logical support of ideas (4-8);
(6.18E) edit drafts for specific purposes such as to ensure standard usage, varied sentence structure, and appropriate word choice (4-8);
(6.18F) use available technology to support aspects of creating, revising, editing, and publishing texts (4-8);
(6.18G) refine selected pieces frequently to "publish" for general and specific audiences (4-8);
(6.18H) proofread his/her own writing and that of others (4-8); and
(6.18I) select and use reference materials and resources as needed for writing, revising, and editing final drafts (4-8).
(6.19) Writing/evaluation. The student evaluates his/her own writing and the writings of others. The student is expected to:
(6.19A) apply criteria to evaluate writing (4-8);
(6.19B) respond in constructive ways to others' writings (4-8);
(6.19C) evaluate how well his/her own writing achieves its purposes (4-8);
(6.19D) analyze published examples as models for writing (4-8); and
(6.19E) review a collection of written works to determine its strengths and weaknesses and to set goals as a writer (4-8).
(21) Writing/connections. The student interacts with writers inside and outside the classroom in ways that reflect the practical uses of writing. The student is expected to:
(6.21C) identify challenges faced by published authors and strategies they use to compose various types of text (7-8)